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Josefine Atzendorf IFT Institut fr Therapieforschung Leopoldstrae 175 80804 Mnchen, Germany [email protected] Cite this as: Atzendorf J, Rauschert C, Seitz NN, Lochbhler K, Kraus L: The use of alcohol, tobacco, illegal drugs and medicinesan estimate of consumption and substance-related disorders in Germany

In it, PHE said: The current best estimate is that e-cigarettes are around 95% less harmful than smoking . Worryingly, it added that a sizeable proportion of the UK population didnt appreciate that vaping was far safer than smoking and, as discovered by ASH in a 2019 study (12), the proportion of smokers correctly believing vaping is less harmful than smoking has fallen to just under a half . Is there a second-hand risk from vaping to others

UNICEF (1997)

But some tobacco critics say the companies support was an effort to prevent further restrictions on flavored e-cigarettes that are popular among youth, according to the AP

[20] Mention of addiction is avoided in nicotine advertising

The mGluR5 antagonist MPEP decreased nicotine self-administration in rats and mice