is too much l carnitine bad Role of L-carnitine in Cardiovascular Health: Literature Review Acetyl-L-Carnitine

Some aspects concerning modifications of the list of prohibited substances and methods in sport

Although more studies are needed to confirm the real effect of supplementation on moderate-intensity exercise performance parameters, this systematic review concluded that, while l-C supplementation with CHO and 2.72 g of l-C for a prolonged period of 24 weeks could increase muscle carnitine content, fat oxidation, and glycogen sparing during low-intensity testing, it seemingly had no effect on moderate-intensity exercise performance

This form of carnitine is crucial for transporting long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they are oxidised to produce energy

| doi:10.1007/s10545-007-0666-z Constantin-Teodosiu D, Carlin JI, Cederblad G, Harris RC, Hultman E: Acetyl group accumulation and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in human muscle during incremental exercise (1991) Acta Physiol Scand | doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1991.tb09247.x Diamanti K, Cavalli M, Pan G, et al.: Intra- and inter-individual metabolic profiling highlights carnitine and lysophosphatidylcholine pathways as key molecular defects in type 2 diabetes

Clinical efficacy of acetylcarnitine supplementation in neuropsychiatric diseases Acetylcarnitine supplementation has been shown to reduce the levels of fatigue-associated with several medical conditions, including aging [79], cancer [84], and chronic hepatitis [80]

Acetylcarnitine has greater bioavailability than carnitine and has been shown to contribute to improvements in cognitive function by providing acetyl groups to promote the synthesis of acetylcholine [105]